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Hipomagnesemia - All Information

Nombres alternativos

Magnesio bajo en la sangre; Niveles bajos de magnesio

Definición:

Significa niveles bajos de magnesio en la sangre.

Causas:

Algunas afecciones pueden causar hipomagnesemia, como:

Síntomas:

Los síntomas comunes abarcan:

  • Movimientos anormales de los ojos (nistagmo)
  • Convulsiones
  • Fatiga
  • Espasmo o calambres musculares
  • Debilidad muscular
  • Entumecimiento

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico hará un examen físico completo para ayudar a determinar la causa de sus síntomas.

Los signos abarcan:

Se harán exámenes de sangre y orina. Otros exámenes que pueden confirmar la hipomagnesemia abarcan:

Tratamiento:

La causa de la hipomagnesemia se debe diagnosticar y tratar. El tratamiento depende del tipo de hipomagnesemia, pero puede abarcar:

  • Líquidos administrados a través de una vena (IV)
  • Magnesio por vía oral o intravenosa
  • Medicamento para aliviar los síntomas

Pronóstico:

El desenlace clínico depende de la afección que esté causando el problema.

Posibles complicaciones:

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

La hipomagnesemia puede ser una emergencia potencialmente mortal. Llame a su médico si tiene síntomas de esta afección.

Prevención:

Tratar la afección que está causando la hipomagnesemia puede ayudar. Si usted practica cualquier deporte exigente, beba líquidos que contengan electrolitos (bebidas para deportistas). Beber sólo agua mientras usted toma parte en eventos atléticos de alta exigencia puede llevar a que se presente hipomagnesemia aguda.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/29/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Pollak MR, Yu ASL, Taylor EN. Disorders of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous balance. In: Brenner BM, ed. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 16.

Yu ASL. Disorders of magnesium and phosphorous. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 120.

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