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Parálisis periódica hipercaliémica - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Parálisis hipercaliémica periódica

Definición:

Es un trastorno que implica episodios ocasionales de debilidad muscular y, algunas veces, niveles de potasio en la sangre más altos de lo normal.

Es un grupo de trastornos genéticos que abarcan: parálisis periódica hipocaliémica y parálisis periódica tirotóxica.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La parálisis periódica hipercaliémica se debe a genes defectuosos y, en la mayoría de los casos, se transmite de padres a hijos (hereditaria). Ocasionalmente, se presenta en familias de manera aleatoria. Se cree que el trastorno se debe a problemas con la forma como el cuerpo controla los niveles de sodio y potasio en las células.

A diferencia de otras formas de parálisis periódica, las personas con este tipo de parálisis no tienen bajos niveles de potasio en la sangre. De hecho, puede haber niveles de potasio altos o normales en el torrente sanguíneo durante o entre los ataques.

Los factores de riesgo abarcan antecedentes familiares de parálisis periódica. La afección ocurre en aproximadamente 1 de cada 100,000 personas y afecta a los hombres con mayor frecuencia que a las mujeres.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/30/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Herbert Y. Lin, MD, PHD, Nephrologist, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Barohn RJ. Muscle diseases. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 447.

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