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Parálisis periódica hipercaliémica - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Parálisis hipercaliémica periódica

Tratamiento:

El objetivo del tratamiento es aliviar los síntomas y prevenir ataques posteriores.

Los ataques casi nunca son tan graves como para requerir tratamiento de emergencia. Sin embargo, la debilidad puede empeorar con ataques repetitivos, de manera que el tratamiento para prevenir los ataques debe hacerse lo más pronto posible.

La glucosa u otros carbohidratos (azúcares) administrados durante un ataque pueden reducir la gravedad de los síntomas. Asimismo, es posible que sea necesario administrar calcio o diuréticos, como furosemida, por vía intravenosa para detener los ataques súbitos.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

Algunas veces, los ataques desaparecen por sí solos en una época posterior de la vida; sin embargo, los ataques crónicos generalmente provocan debilidad muscular progresiva que está presente inclusive entre dichos ataques.

La parálisis periódica hipercaliémica responde bien al tratamiento, el cual puede prevenir e incluso neutralizar la debilidad muscular progresiva.

Complicaciones:

  • Cálculos renales (un efecto secundario de la acetazolamida)
  • Arritmias cardíacas durante los ataques (poco comunes, no mortales)
  • Dificultad para respirar, hablar o deglutir durante los ataques (poco común)
  • Debilidad muscular progresiva

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si presenta debilidad muscular intermitente, especialmente si existen antecedentes familiares de parálisis periódica.

Acuda al servicio de urgencias o llame al número local de emergencias (el 911 en los Estados Unidos) en caso de presentarse desmayo o dificultad para respirar, hablar o tragar, los cuales son síntomas de emergencia.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/30/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Herbert Y. Lin, MD, PHD, Nephrologist, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Barohn RJ. Muscle diseases. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 447.

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