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Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Gastrinoma; Síndrome de Z-E

Definición:

Es una afección en la cual hay un aumento en la producción de la hormona gastrina. Por lo regular, un pequeño tumor (gastrinoma) en el páncreas o en el intestino delgado produce los altos niveles de gastrina en la sangre.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El síndrome de Zollinger- Ellison es causado por tumores que por lo general están localizados en la cabeza del páncreas y en la parte superior del intestino delgado. Estos tumores producen la hormona gastrina y se denominan gastrinomas. Los altos niveles de gastrina ocasionan demasiada producción de ácido estomacal.

Los gastrinomas aparecen como tumores únicos o como pequeños tumores múltiples. Aproximadamente, de la mitad a dos tercios de los gastrinomas únicos son tumores cancerosos (malignos) que frecuentemente se diseminan al hígado y a los ganglios linfáticos cercanos.

Muchos pacientes con gastrinomas tienen algunos tumores como parte de una afección denominada neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo I (NEM I). Los pacientes con NEM I a menudo tienen tumores de la hipófisis (cerebro) y de las glándulas paratiroides (cuello), al igual que tumores del páncreas.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/11/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, Md, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Jensen RT, Norton JA. Endocrine tumors of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2010:chap 32.

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