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Carcinoma (cáncer) papilar tiroideo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Carcinoma papilar de tiroides

Definición:

El carcinoma papilar tiroideo es el cáncer más común de la glándula tiroides.

Ver también: cáncer de tiroides.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Alrededor del 80% de todos los cánceres de tiroides diagnosticados en los Estados Unidos son de tipo carcinoma papilar y son más comunes en mujeres que en hombres. Se puede presentar en la infancia, pero casi siempre se observa en adultos aproximadamente a la edad de 45 años.

La causa de este cáncer se desconoce. Es posible que intervenga un defecto genético.

La exposición a la radiación incrementa el riesgo de desarrollo de este tipo de cáncer. La exposición puede ocurrir a raíz de:

  • Tratamientos de radiación externa en altas dosis al cuello, especialmente durante la niñez, empleados para tratar cáncer infantil o algunas afecciones benignas de la infancia.
  • Radiación debido a pruebas con bombas atómicas realizadas en las islas Marshall y el desastre nuclear de Chernobyl en 1986 en Ucrania, sobre todo en niños.

La radiación administrada a través de una vena (vía intravenosa) durante exámenes y tratamientos médicos no incrementa el riesgo de padecer cáncer de tiroides.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/2/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Ladenson P, Kim M. Thyroid. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 244.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Guidelines in Oncology 2010: Thyroid Cancer. Version 1.2010.

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