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Síndrome de Fanconi - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Síndrome de Toni Fanconi

Definición:

Es un trastorno de los túbulos renales en el cual ciertas sustancias normalmente absorbidas en el torrente sanguíneo por los riñones son liberadas en su lugar en la orina.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El síndrome de Fanconi puede ser causado por genes defectuosos o puede aparecer posteriormente en la vida debido a daño renal. Algunas veces, se desconoce su causa.

En los niños, las causas comunes de este síndrome son defectos genéticos que afectan la capacidad del cuerpo para descomponer ciertos compuestos, como:

La cistinosis es la causa más común del síndrome de Fanconi en niños.

Otras causas en niños comprenden:

  • Exposición a metales pesados como el plomo, el mercurio y el cadmio
  • Enfermedad de Lowe, un raro trastorno genético de los ojos, el cerebro y los riñones
  • Enfermedad de Wilson

En los adultos, el síndrome de Fanconi puede ser causado por diversas cosas que provocan daño a los riñones, como:

  • Ciertos medicamentos como azatioprina, cidofovir, gentamicina y tetraciclina
  • Trasplante de riñón
  • Enfermedad por precipitación de las cadenas ligeras
  • Mieloma múltiple
  • Amiloidosis primaria
  • Reviewed last on: 3/9/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Herbert Y. Lin, MD, PHD, Nephrologist, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Seifter JL. Potassium disorders. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 118.

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