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Síndrome de la silla turca vacía - Overview

Definición:

Es una afección en la cual la hipófisis se encoge o se vuelve aplanada.

Causas:

La hipófisis es una pequeña glándula ubicada en la base del cerebro, que descansa en un compartimento similar a una silla de montar en el cráneo, llamado "sella turcica" en latín, y que significa "silla turca".

Cuando la hipófisis se encoge o se vuelve aplanada, no se puede observar en una resonancia magnética, dando la apariencia de una silla vacía, lo cual se denomina síndrome de la silla turca vacía.

La hipófisis produce diversas hormonas que controlan las otras glándulas en el cuerpo, incluyendo:

  • Las glándulas suprarrenales
  • Los ovarios
  • Los testículos
  • La tiroides

El síndrome primario de la silla turca vacía se presenta cuando un agujero en la membrana que cubre la hipófisis permite que entre líquido, lo cual ejerce presión sobre dicha glándula.

El síndrome secundario de la silla turca vacía ocurre cuando la silla está vacía, debido a que la hipófisis ha resultado dañada por:

  • Un tumor
  • Radioterapia
  • Cirugía

La silla vacía se puede observar en una afección llamada seudotumor cerebral y se ve con mayor frecuencia en mujeres obesas.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/23/2009
  • Ari S. Eckman, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Melmed S, Kleinberg D. Anterior pituitary. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 8.

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