A Member of the University of Maryland Medical System   |   In Partnership with the University of Maryland School of Medicine

Share

Email PageEmail Print PagePrint

Home > Medical Reference > Encyclopedia (English)

Toggle: English / Spanish

Hipercolesterolemia familiar - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Hiperlipoproteinemia tipo II; Xantomatosis hipercolesterolémica; Mutación en el receptor de lipoproteína de baja densidad

Síntomas:

Los síntomas que se pueden presentar abarcan:

  • Depósitos de grasa en la piel llamados xantomas sobre los codos, las rodillas, los glúteos, los tendones y alrededor de la córnea del ojo
  • Depósitos de colesterol en los párpados (xantelasmas)
  • Dolor torácico (angina) u otros signos de arteriopatia coronaria; se puede presentar a temprana edad

Signos y exámenes:

Un examen físico puede revelar la presencia de tumores cutáneos grasos, llamados xantomas, y depósitos de colesterol en el ojo (arco corneal).

El médico hará preguntas acerca de los antecedentes médicos familiares o personales. Puede haber:

  • Un fuerte antecedente familiar de hipercolesterolemia familiar o ataques cardíacos tempranos
  • Niveles altos de LDL en alguno o en ambos padres

Los individuos de familias con un fuerte antecedente de ataques cardíacos tempranos deben hacerse exámenes de sangre para determinar los niveles de lípidos.

Los exámenes de sangre pueden mostrar:

  • Niveles altos de colesterol total
    • mayores a 300 mg/dL en adultos
    • mayores a 250 mg/dL en niños
  • Niveles altos de LDL:
    • mayores a 170-200 mg/dL en niños
    • mayores a 220 mg/dL en adultos
  • Nivel normal de triglicéridos

Otros exámenes que se pueden hacer abarcan:

  • Estudios de células llamadas fibroblastos para ver la forma como el cuerpo absorbe el colesterol LDL
  • Prueba genética para la anomalía asociada con esta afección
  • Reviewed last on: 5/23/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Referencias

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein disorders and cardiovascular disease In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 42.

Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, Bersot TP. Disorders of lipid metabolism. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:chap 36.

Semenkovich CF. Disorders of lipid metabolism. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 217.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Adam QualityA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
adam.com
Connect with UMMC
Facebook Twitter YouTube Blog iPhone

Please rate the quality of this article.

Do you find this article to be helpful / informative?
              
Poor                                       Excellent

Do you have any brief comments on this page: (up to 255 characters)

© 2011 University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC). All rights reserved.
UMMC is a member of the University of Maryland Medical System,
22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. TDD: 1-800-735-2258 or 1.866.408.6885