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Bursitis - Overview

Definición:

Es la inflamación del saco lleno de líquido (bolsa) que se encuentra entre el tendón y la piel o entre el tendón y el hueso. Esta condición puede ser aguda o crónica.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Las bolsas son cavidades llenas de líquido ubicadas cerca de las articulaciones en donde los tendones o los músculos pasan por encima de las protuberancias óseas. Ellas ayudan con el movimiento y reducen la fricción entre las partes móviles.

La causa de la bursitis puede ser sobrecarga crónica, traumatismo, artritis reumatoidea, gota o infección. Algunas veces, la causa no se puede determinar. La bursitis comúnmente se presenta en el hombro, la rodilla, el codo y la cadera. También puede afectar otras áreas como el tendón de Aquiles y el pie.

Se puede presentar inflamación crónica con los ataques o lesiones repetitivas de bursitis.

Bursa del codo

Bursa de la rodilla

Bursitis del hombro

Reviewed last on: 8/3/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Regan WD, Grondin PP, Morrey BF. Elbow and forearm. In: DeLee JC, Drez D Jr, Miller MD, eds. DeLee and Drez’s Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 19.

Shah A, Busconi B. Hip, pelvis, and thigh. In: DeLee JC, Drez D Jr, Miller MD, eds. DeLee and Drez’s Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 21.

Wapner KL, Parekh SG. Foot and ankle. In: DeLee JC, Drez D Jr, Miller MD, eds. DeLee and Drez’s Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 25.

Schmidt MJ, Adams SL. Tendinopathy and bursitis. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 115.

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