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Fracturas por compresión de la espalda - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Fracturas por compresión vertebral o aplastamiento vertebral

Definición:

Son las rupturas de las vértebras, que son los huesos de la columna vertebral.

Causas:

En una fractura por compresión de vértebras, se presenta aplastamiento vertebral. Puede verse afectada más de una vértebra. Esta afección puede ser causada por:

  • Osteoporosis (la causa más común).
  • Traumatismo en la espalda.
  • Tumores que comenzaron en el hueso o se diseminaron al hueso desde alguna otra parte.

Las múltiples fracturas pueden llevar a cifosis, una curvatura de la columna vertebral en forma de joroba.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/1/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and C. Benjamin Ma, MD, Assistant Professor, Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.

Referencias

Klazen CA, Lohle PN, de Vries J, et al. Vertebroplasty versus conservative treatment in acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (Vertos II): an open-label randomised trial. Lancet. 2010 Sep 25;376(9746):1085-92.

Wardlaw D, Cummings SR, Van Meirhaeghe J, et al. Efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty compared with non-surgical care for vertebral compression fracture (FREE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;373(9668):1016-24.

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