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Nefropatía quística medular - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Tuberculosis renal juvenil familiar; Síndrome de Senior-Loken

Definición:

Es un trastorno hereditario en el cual la presencia de quistes en el centro de cada riñón hace que estos órganos gradualmente pierdan su capacidad para funcionar.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La nefropatía quística medular (MCKD, por sus siglas en inglés) es muy similar a la enfermedad infantil tuberculosis renal juvenil familiar (NPH, por sus siglas en inglés). Ambas llevan a la cicatrización del riñón y formación de cavidades llenas de líquido (quistes) en las partes más profundas de dicho órgano.

En estas afecciones, los riñones no concentran suficiente orina, llevando a una producción excesiva de ésta y pérdida de sodio, al igual que otros cambios químicos en la sangre y la orina.

La nefropatía quística medular ocurre en pacientes mayores y se hereda en un patrón autosómico dominante, mientras que la tuberculosis renal juvenil familiar se presenta en niños pequeños y generalmente se debe a una herencia autosómica recesiva.

La tuberculosis renal juvenil familiar puede estar asociada con rasgos no renales (como problemas en los ojos), mientras que la nefropatía quística medular está limitada a los riñones.

  • Reviewed last on: 11/30/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Herbert Y. Lin, MD, PHD, Nephrologist, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Arnaout MA. Cystic kidney disease. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 128.

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