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Nefropatía por IgA - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Nefropatía por inmunoglobulina A; Enfermedad de Berger

Definición:

Nefropatía se refiere a un daño, enfermedad u otras anomalías del riñón. La nefropatía por IgA, también llamada enfermedad de Berger, es un trastorno renal en el cual anticuerpos contra una proteína llamada IgA se acumulan en el tejido del riñón.

Causas:

La IgA es una proteína que ayuda al cuerpo a combatir infecciones. La nefropatía por IgA (enfermedad de Berger) ocurre cuando se deposita demasiada cantidad de esta proteína en los riñones. La IgA se acumula en el interior de los pequeños vasos sanguíneos del riñón, donde las estructuras llamadas glomérulos resultan inflamadas.

La nefropatía por IgA (enfermedad de Berger) es una forma de nefritis proliferativa mesangial.

El trastorno puede aparecer de manera súbita ( aguda) o progresar en forma lenta durante muchos años ( glomerulonefritis crónica).

Entre los factores de riesgo están:

  • Un antecedente personal o familiar de nefropatía por IgA o de púrpura de Henoch Schoenlein, una forma de vasculitis que afecta muchas partes del cuerpo
  • Etnia caucásica o asiática

La nefropatía por IgA puede presentarse en personas de todas las edades, pero afecta con más frecuencia a los hombres desde la adolescencia hasta finales de la tercera década de vida.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/12/2009
  • Parul Patel, MD, Private Practice specializing in Nephrology and Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Affiliated with California Pacific Medical Center, Department of Transplantation, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 122

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