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Uropatía obstructiva bilateral crónica - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Insuficiencia renal por obstrucción crónica; Uropatía obstructiva crónica bilateral

Definición:

Es un bloqueo prolongado del flujo urinario desde ambos riñones. Dicho bloqueo es lento y empeora con el tiempo.

Bilateral significa "ambos lados".

Ver también:

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La causa más común de la uropatía obstructiva bilateral crónica es una afección denominada obstrucción de la salida de la vejiga. Los riñones producen orina de la manera normal, pero ésta no puede salir de la vejiga y se represa, causando daño e hinchazón del riñón.

Cuando la obstrucción hace que la orina se represe en ambos riñones, se produce hidronefrosis (hinchazón de los riñones). Asimismo, se puede presentar hipertensión e insuficiencia renal.

En los hombres, la uropatía obstructiva bilateral crónica casi siempre es el resultado del agrandamiento de la próstata, también llamado hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB).

Entre otras de las posibles causas de uropatía obstructiva bilateral crónica se encuentran:

  • Cálculos uretrales bilaterales
  • Tumores de la vejiga
  • Tumores de la próstata
  • Tumores o masas del útero u otras estructuras alrededor del cuello de la vejiga o la uretra
  • Tumor o fibrosis retroperitoneal
  • Estrechamiento de la uretra debido a una deformidad congénita o tejido cicatricial
  • Vejiga neurógena

La uropatía obstructiva bilateral crónica se presenta en alrededor de 1 de cada 1,000 personas.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/22/2010
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Pais VM Jr, Strandhoy JW, Assimos DG. Pathophysiology of urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 37.

Hsu THS, Streem SB, Nakada SY. Management of upper urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 38.

McAninch JW, Santucci RA. Renal and ureteral trauma. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 39.

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