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Glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Glomeruloesclerosis segmentaria; Esclerosis focal con hialinosis

Definición:

Es tejido cicatricial que se forma en partes del riñón llamadas glomérulos, los cuales sirven como filtros, ayudando al cuerpo a eliminar sustancias dañinas e innecesarias. Cada riñón tiene miles de glomérulos.

El término "focal" significa que algunos de los glomérulos resultan cicatrizados, mientras que otros permanecen normales. El término "segmentaria" significa que sólo parte de un glomérulo individual resulta dañado.

Causas:

La causa de la glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria generalmente se desconoce.

La enfermedad afecta tanto a niños como a adultos, ligeramente más a menudo a los hombres que a las mujeres y también ocurre con mayor frecuencia en personas de raza negra. Esta enfermedad ocasiona aproximadamente del 20 al 25% de todos los casos de síndrome nefrótico.

Las causas conocidas abarcan:

Consumo de heroína
VIH
Problemas genéticos hereditarios
Obesidad
Nefropatía por reflujo (una afección en la cual la orina se devuelve de la vejiga al riñón)
Anemia drepanocítica

Sistema urinario masculino

Reviewed last on: 6/8/2011
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Herbert Y Lin, MD, PhD, Nephrologist, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Appel GB. Glomerular disorders and nephrotic syndromes. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 122.

Nachman PH, Jennette JC, Falk, RJ. Primary glomerular disease. In: Brenner BM, ed. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 30.

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