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Glomerulonefritis - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Glomerulonefritis crónica; Nefritis crónica; Enfermedad glomerular; Glomerulonefritis necrosante; Glomerulonefritis semilunar; Glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva

Definición:

Es un tipo de enfermedad renal en la cual la parte de los riñones que ayuda a filtrar los desechos y líquidos de la sangre se daña.

Causas:

La glomerulonefritis puede ser causada por problemas específicos con el sistema inmunitario del cuerpo, pero a menudo se desconoce la causa exacta.

El daño a los glomérulos provoca la pérdida de sangre y proteína en la orina.

La afección se puede desarrollar rápidamente, con pérdida de la función renal que ocurre durante semanas o meses (llamada glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva).

En cerca de una cuarta parte de las personas con glomerulonefritis crónica no hay antecedentes previos de enfermedad renal y el trastorno aparece primero como insuficiencia renal crónica.

Lo siguiente incrementa el riesgo de desarrollar esta afección:

Se sabe de muchas afecciones que causan o incrementan el riesgo de glomerulonefritis, incluyendo:

  • Reviewed last on: 8/12/2009
  • Parul Patel, MD, Private Practice specializing in Nephrology and Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Nachman PH, Jennette JC, Falk RJ. Primary glomerular disease. In: Brenner BM, ed. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa:Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 30.

Haymart MR, Atta MG. Glomerular disease. In: Nilsson KR Jr., Piccini JP. The Osler Medical Handbook. 2nd ed. Philadelphia Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2006:chap 65.

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