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Nefrocalcinosis - Overview

Definición:

Es un trastorno renal en el cual hay un exceso de calcio depositado en los riñones.

Causas:

Cualquier trastorno que lleve a que se presenten altos niveles de calcio en la sangre o la orina puede provocar nefrocalcinosis. En la nefrocalcinosis, los depósitos de calcio se forman en el propio tejido del riñón. La mayoría de las veces, ambos riñones están afectados.

La nefrocalcinosis está relacionada con cálculos renales (nefrolitiasis), pero no es lo mismo.

Las afecciones que pueden causar nefrocalcinosis abarcan:

Otras posibles causas de nefrocalcinosis comprenden:

  • Toxicidad con etilenglicol
  • Hipercalciemia (exceso de calcio en la sangre) debido a hiperparatiroidismo
  • Uso de ciertos medicamentos, como acetazolamida, anfotericina B y triamtereno
  • Tuberculosis del riñón e infecciones relacionadas con SIDA
  • Toxicidad por vitamina D

Esta afección es relativamente común en bebés prematuros.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/30/2009
  • Louis S. Liou, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Urology, Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Monk RD, Bushinsky DA. Kidney Stones. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed, S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008: chap 29.

Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. In: Feehally J, Floege J, Johnson RJ, eds. Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007.

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