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Criohemoglobinuria paroxística (CHP) - Overview

Nombres alternativos

CHP

Definición:

Es un trastorno sanguíneo poco común en el cual el sistema inmunitario del cuerpo produce anticuerpos que destruyen los glóbulos rojos cuando pasan de temperaturas frías a calientes.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La criohemoglobinuria paroxística únicamente ocurre en el frío y afecta principalmente las manos y los pies. Los anticuerpos se adhieren (se pegan) a los glóbulos rojos, lo cual le permite a otras proteínas en la sangre (llamadas complementos) fijarse igualmente. Los anticuerpos destruyen los glóbulos rojos a medida que estos circulan a través del cuerpo y se calientan de nuevo. A medida que las células son destruidas, la hemoglobina, la parte de los glóbulos rojos que transporta el oxígeno, es liberada en la sangre y eliminada en la orina.

La criohemoglobinuria paroxística ha sido asociada a la sífilis secundaria, la sífilis terciaria y otras infecciones bacterianas o virales. Algunas veces se desconoce la causa.

Esta enfermedad es poco común.

Células sanguíneas

Reviewed last on: 3/28/2010
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and James R. Mason, MD, Oncologist, Director, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program and Stem Cell Processing Lab, Scripps Clinic, Torrey Pines, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Schwartz RS. Autoimmune and intravascular hemolytic anemias. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 164.

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