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Infección aguda por citomegalovirus - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Mononucleosis por CMV; Citomegalovirus (CMV)

Definición:

Es una afección causada por un miembro de la familia herpesvirus.

Ver también: mononucleosis

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La infección con citomegalovirus (CMV) es muy común y se propaga por medio de:

  • Transfusiones sanguíneas
  • Trasplante de órganos
  • Gotitas respiratorias
  • Saliva
  • Contacto sexual
  • Orina

La mayoría de personas están expuestas al CMV en toda su vida, pero generalmente sólo las personas con un sistema inmunitario debilitado resultan enfermas a raíz de la infección. Algunas personas con esta infección presentan un síndrome similar a la mononucleosis.

En los Estados Unidos, la infección por CMV aparece con mayor frecuencia entre las edades de 10 a 35 años. La mayoría de las personas están expuestas al CMV a comienzos de la vida y no se dan cuenta de ello debido a que no tienen síntomas. Las personas con un sistema inmunitario comprometido pueden tener una forma más grave de la enfermedad.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/15/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Crumpacker CS, Wadhwa S. Cytomegalovirus. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005: chap 134.

Drew WL. Cytomegalovirus. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 399.

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