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Anemia hemolítica autoinmunitaria idiopática - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Anemia hemolítica idiopática autoinmunitaria; Anemia hemolítica autoinmunológica

Tratamiento:

La primera terapia que se ensaya generalmente es un esteroide, como prednisona. Si los esteroides no mejoran la afección, se puede pensar en la extirpación del bazo (esplenectomía).

La terapia para inhibir el sistema inmunitario generalmente se administra si la persona no reacciona favorablemente a los esteroides y a la esplenectomía. Se han utilizado medicamentos como azatioprina (Imuran), ciclofosfamida (Cytoxan) y rituximab (Rituxan).

Las transfusiones sanguíneas se realizan con cautela, debido a la posibilidad de que la sangre no sea compatible y pueda causar hemólisis mayor.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

Los adultos pueden presentar enfermedad prolongada que sigue reapareciendo. En los niños, la anemia por lo general es de corta duración.

Complicaciones:

Infección (como una complicación del tratamiento)
Anemia severa

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si nota síntomas de anemia.

Anticuerpos

Reviewed last on: 1/31/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Schwartz RS. Autoimmune and intravascular hemolytic anemias. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 164.

Powers A, Silberstein LE. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Shattil SS, et al., eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 47.

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