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Carbunco cutáneo - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Carbunco de la piel.

Definición:

El carbunco cutáneo es una infección de la piel debido al contacto directo con la bacteria Bacillus anthracis.

Causas:

El carbunco es causado por la bacteria Bacillus anthracis. Aunque esta enfermedad afecta comúnmente a los animales ungulados, como ovejas y cabras, también la pueden contraer los humanos. El tipo más común de la enfermedad en las personas es el carbunco cutáneo, una infección de la piel.

El principal factor de riesgo para contraer el carbunco cutáneo es el contacto con pieles y pelajes de animales, productos óseos y lana, al igual que el contacto con animales infectados. Por lo tanto, dentro de las poblaciones con mayor riesgo están los trabajadores de granjas, los veterinarios, los curtidores y los cardadores de lana.

El carbunco cutáneo se produce después de que las bacterias hacen contacto con cortaduras o raspaduras de la piel.

El carbunco es un agente potencial para uso como arma biológica o para bioterrorismo. En 2001, las actividades bioterroristas, que involucraron al Servicio Postal de los Estados Unidos, infectaron a 22 personas con carbunco y 7 sobrevivientes tuvieron casos confirmados de carbunco cutáneo. La mayoría de los expertos en bioterrorismo han concluido que tecnológicamente es difícil utilizar el carbunco de manera efectiva como arma a gran escala.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/30/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Inglesby TV, O'Toole T, Henderson DA, et al. Anthrax as a Biological Weapon, 2002. JAMA. 2002;287:2236-2252.

Lucey DR. Anthrax. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 2007: chap 317.

Reissman DB, Whitney EA, Taylor TH Jr, et al. One-Year Health Assessment of Adult Survivors of Bacillus anthracis Infection. JAMA. 2004;291:1994-1998.

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