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Infección aguda por VIH - Prevention

Nombres alternativos

Infección por VIH primaria; Síndrome de seroconversión por VIH; Síndrome retroviral agudo; Infección por VIH aguda

Prevención:

Para un análisis más amplio, ver la sección de prevención en el artículo sobre el SIDA.

Los comportamientos sexuales con precaución pueden reducir el riesgo de contraer la infección. Aun cuando se practique el "sexo con precaución", existe todavía un riesgo de resultar infectado con el VIH, dado que los condones se pueden romper. Por lo tanto, la abstinencia es la única forma segura de prevenir la transmisión sexual de este virus.

Pautas generales:

  • No tenga relaciones sexuales sin protección con numerosas parejas ni con alguien que tenga múltiples parejas, use drogas intravenosas o que esté o pueda estar infectado con SIDA.
  • Evite el uso de drogas inyectables, pero si sí las utiliza, no comparta las agujas ni las jeringas.
  • Las personas con SIDA o que hayan obtenido resultados positivos en pruebas para anticuerpos anti-VIH pueden transmitirle la enfermedad a otros y no deben donar sangre, plasma, órganos ni semen. No intercambie fluidos corporales durante la actividad sexual.

Las personas que estén en riesgo de infección por VIH deben hacerse exámenes regulares para garantizar el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento oportuno.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/1/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Masur H, Healey L, Hadigan C. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 412.

Sax PE, Walker BD. Immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency infection. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 408.

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