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Infección aguda por VIH - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Infección por VIH primaria; Síndrome de seroconversión por VIH; Síndrome retroviral agudo; Infección por VIH aguda

Síntomas:

Nota: Al momento del diagnóstico de infección por VIH, muchas personas no han experimentado ningún síntoma.

La infección aguda por VIH puede asemejarse a la mononucleosis infecciosa, la gripe u otras enfermedades víricas. Si se presentan síntomas, generalmente se observan de 1 a 4 semanas después de resultar infectado.

Se puede presentar cualquiera de los siguientes síntomas:

Estos síntomas pueden durar desde unos pocos días hasta 4 semanas y luego desaparecer.

Signos y exámenes:

Un ELISA/ inmunotransferencia para VIH por lo general es negativo o indeterminado durante la infección aguda y llegará a ser positivo en los tres meses siguientes.

Una prueba de ARN del VIH ("carga viral") arroja un resultado positivo en pacientes con infección aguda por VIH.

Un conteo de CD4 (glóbulo blanco) por debajo de lo normal puede ser indicio de un sistema inmunitario debilitado. El conteo de CD4 generalmente mejora de 1 a 2 meses después de la infección aguda.

Una fórmula leucocitaria puede revelar anomalías.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/1/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Masur H, Healey L, Hadigan C. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 412.

Sax PE, Walker BD. Immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency infection. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 408.

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