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Meningitis por gramnegativos - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Meningitis por bacterias gramnegativas

Tratamiento:

El tratamiento con antibióticos se debe iniciar lo más pronto posible. La ceftazidima o cefepime es uno de los antibióticos más comúnmente usados para este tipo de meningitis, pero se pueden emplear otros antibióticos, dependiendo del tipo de bacteria.

En caso de tener una derivación, se puede quitar para eliminar la infección.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

El tratamiento oportuno mejora el pronóstico. Entre un 40 y un 80% de los pacientes con meningitis por gramnegativos no sobrevive: los niños pequeños y los adultos de más de 50 años son quienes tienen el mayor riesgo de muerte.

Muchas personas se recuperan completamente, pero un gran número de ellas sufre daño cerebral permanente o muere a causa de este tipo de meningitis. La probabilidad de la supervivencia depende de:

  • La prontitud con que se trate la infección
  • Otras afecciones médicas que puedan estar presentes
  • La edad del paciente

Complicaciones:

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Acuda a la sala de urgencias o llame al número local de emergencias (como el 911 en los Estados Unidos) si sospecha meningitis en un niño que tenga los siguientes síntomas:

  • Dificultades para alimentarse
  • Llanto chillón
  • Irritabilidad
  • Fiebre persistente e inexplicable

Llame al número local de emergencias si presenta cualquiera de los síntomas graves que aparecen en la lista de arriba. La meningitis puede convertirse de manera rápida en una afección potencialmente mortal.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/15/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Jatin M. Vyas, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Swartz MN. Meningitis: bacterial, viral, and other. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 437.

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