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Tétanos - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Trismo

Síntomas:

Con frecuencia, el tétanos comienza con espasmos leves en los músculos de la mandíbula (trismo). Los espasmos también pueden afectar el tórax, el cuello, la espalda y los músculos abdominales. Los espasmos musculares de la espalda a menudo causan arqueamiento, llamado opistótonos.

Algunas veces, los espasmos afectan músculos que ayudan con la respiración, lo cual puede llevar a problemas respiratorios.

La acción muscular prolongada causa contracciones súbitas, fuertes y dolorosas de grupos musculares, lo cual se denomina tetania. Estos episodios pueden provocar fracturas y desgarros musculares.

Otros síntomas abarcan:

Signos y exámenes:

El médico llevará a cabo un examen físico y hará preguntas acerca de la historia clínica. No existe una prueba de laboratorio específica disponible para determinar el diagnóstico de tétanos.

Se pueden usar otros exámenes para descartar meningitis, rabia, intoxicación por estricnina y otras enfermedades con síntomas similares.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/15/2010
  • David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Referencias

Reddy P, Bleck TP. Clostridium tetani(Tetanus). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolan R, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Orlando, FL: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 244.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2011 immunization schedules for children 0 to 18 years of age. October 28, 2010.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommended adult immunization schedule United States, 2011 Proposed Revisions, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. October 28, 2010.

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