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Malaria - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Fiebre cuartana; Paludismo o malaria por Plasmodium falciparum; Fiebre biduoterciana; Paludismo terciano; Plasmodio; Fiebre de las aguas negras o de los pantanos

Tratamiento:

La malaria, en especial la malaria por Plasmodium falciparum, es una emergencia médica que requiere hospitalización. La cloroquina a menudo se utiliza como un antipalúdico; sin embargo, las infecciones resistentes a la cloroquina son comunes en algunas partes del mundo.

Los posibles tratamientos para las infecciones resistentes a la cloroquina abarcan:

  • La combinación de quinidina o quinina más doxiciclina, tetraciclina o clindamicina.
  • Atovacuona más proguanil (Malarone).
  • Mefloquina o artesunato.
  • La combinación de pirimetanina y sulfadoxina (Fansidar).

La elección del medicamento depende en parte de dónde estaba usted cuando resultó infectado.

Se pueden necesitar cuidados médicos, entre ellos líquidos intravenosos (IV) y otros medicamentos, al igual que soporte respiratorio.

Pronóstico:

Se espera que con el tratamiento se obtengan buenos resultados en la mayoría de los casos de malaria, pero poco alentadores ante la infección con Falciparum con complicaciones.

Posibles complicaciones:

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si desarrolla fiebre y dolor de cabeza después de visitar una zona tropical.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/9/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Fairhurst RM, Wellems TE. Plasmodium species (Malaria). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 275.

Krogstad DJ. Malaria. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 2007:chap 366.

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