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Ascariasis - Treatment

Tratamiento:

El tratamiento incluye medicamentos que paralizan o matan las lombrices intestinales, como albendazol o mebendazol. Estos fármacos no deben usarse en pacientes embarazadas. El embonato de pirantel es el medicamento preferido para estas pacientes.

Si se presenta obstrucción del intestino causada por un gran número de lombrices, se puede necesitar una endoscopia o, en raras ocasiones, una cirugía para eliminarlas.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La mayoría de las personas se recupera de los síntomas de la infección, incluso sin tratamiento, aunque pueden seguir portando las lombrices en el cuerpo.

Las complicaciones pueden ser provocadas por lombrices adultas que migran a ciertos órganos como las vías biliares, el páncreas o el apéndice, o se multiplican y causan un bloqueo en el intestino.

Complicaciones:

  • Obstrucción de las secreciones del hígado (vías biliares).
  • Bloqueo en el intestino.
  • Orificio (perforación) en el intestino.

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si tiene síntomas de ascariasis, particularmente si han viajado a áreas de alto riesgo. Igualmente consulte si los síntomas empeoran, no mejoran con el tratamiento o si aparecen nuevos síntomas.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/10/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Kazura JW. Nematode infections. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 378.

Maguire JH. Intestinal nematodes (roundworms). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolan R, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Orlando, FL. Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 287.

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