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Gonococemia diseminada - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Bacteriemia gonocócica

Definición:

Es una enfermedad de transmisión sexual (ETS), causada por la bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La gonorrea es una de las enfermedades infecciosas más comunes y cualquier persona que tenga algún tipo de relación sexual la puede contraer. La infección se puede diseminar a través de la boca, la vagina, el pene o el ano.

La gonococemia diseminada puede ser muy grave. La infección se puede desarrollar varios días a 2 semanas después de la infección de gonorrea primaria. La infección se disemina a través del torrente sanguíneo a otras partes del cuerpo. Una mujer infectada se la puede transmitir a su bebé recién nacido durante el parto.

Todos los estados en los Estados Unidos exigen que los médicos notifiquen al State Board of Health acerca de cualquier caso diagnosticado de gonorrea. Esto se hace para garantizar que el paciente reciba los cuidados de control apropiados y que se encuentre y se examine a cualquier persona que haya tenido contacto sexual con el paciente.

Más de 700.000 personas en los Estados Unidos adquieren la gonorrea todos los años, según los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC). En general, la gonorrea es más común en personas de 20 a 24 años de edad.

La enfermedad es más común en las ciudades grandes, en los centros de las ciudades, en poblaciones con bajos niveles globales de educación y personas con bajo nivel socioeconómico.

Los factores de riesgo abarcan el hecho de tener múltiples parejas sexuales, tener una pareja con antecedentes de cualquier enfermedad de transmisión sexual y tener relaciones sexuales sin usar un condón.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/29/2008
  • A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Greg Juhn, MTPW, David R. Eltz. Previously reviewed by Cyrus Badshah, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University; Assistant Attending Physician, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases & Medical Director, Chest (TB)Clinic and Directly Observed Therapy Program, Harlem Hospital Center. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (6/22/2007).

Referencias

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update to CDC's Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2006: Fluoroquinolones No Longer Recommended for Treatment of Gonococcal Infections. MMWR. 2007; 56(14);332-336.

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for Gonorrhea: Recommendation Statement. Am Fam Physician. Nov. 1, 2005; 72(9); 1783-1786.

Cohen J, Powderly WG. Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Elsevier; 2004:2173-2186.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2004. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, September 2005.

Weinstock H, Berman S, Cates W. Sexually transmitted disease among American youth: Incidence and prevalence estimates, 2000. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2004; 36: 6-10.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines 2002. MMWR. 2002;51(no. RR-6).

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