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Faringitis - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Faringitis bacteriana; Dolor de garganta

Tratamiento:

La mayoría de los dolores de garganta son causados por virus y los antibióticos no ayudan. El hecho de usarlos para tratar infecciones virales ayuda a fortalecer las bacterias y las hace resistentes a los antibióticos.

Los dolores de garganta sólo se deben tratar con antibióticos si un examen para estreptococos es positivo. Los estreptococos no se pueden diagnosticar con precisión por los síntomas o un examen físico solo. Para mayor información, ver: faringitis estreptocócica.

Los siguientes consejos pueden ayudar a mejorar los dolores de garganta:

  • Beber líquidos calientes, como té con miel o limón.
  • Hacer gárgaras varias veces al día con agua tibia con sal (½ cucharadita de sal en 1 taza de agua).
  • Beber líquidos fríos o chupar paletas de helado.
  • Chupar dulces duros o pastillas para la garganta. Estos productos no deben administrarse a los niños pequeños porque se pueden ahogar.
  • Un vaporizador de aire fresco o un humidificador puede humectar y aliviar una garganta seca y dolorosa.
  • Ensayar con analgésicos de venta libre, como el paracetamol.

Posibles complicaciones:

Las complicaciones pueden abarcar:

  • Obstrucción de la vía respiratoria (en casos graves).
  • Úlcera (absceso) alrededor de las amígdalas o por detrás de la garganta.

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si:

  • Presenta un dolor de garganta que no desaparece en varios días.
  • Tiene fiebre elevada, ganglios linfáticos inflamados en el cuello o una erupción cutánea.

Si tiene dolor de garganta y dificultad para respirar, busque atención médica inmediata.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/22/2011
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Hayden GF, Turner RB. Acute pharyngitis. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 378.

Jenson HB. Epstein-Barr virus. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 251.

Del Mar CB, Glasziou PP, Spinks A. Antibiotics for sore throat. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008:(3):CD000023.

Chan TV. The Patient with Sore Throat. Med Clin North Am. 2010 Sep;94(5):923-43.

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