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Retinitis por citomegalovirus - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Retinitis por CMV

Síntomas:

Nota: muchos pacientes con retinitis por CMV son asintomáticos.

Los síntomas abarcan:

La retinitis generalmente comienza en un ojo, pero a menudo progresa hasta el otro ojo. Sin tratamiento, el daño progresivo a la retina puede llevar a la ceguera en un lapso de 4 a 6 meses o menos.

Incluso con tratamiento regular, la enfermedad puede empeorar hasta la ceguera; esto puede ser debido a que el virus se vuelve resistente a los fármacos, de tal forma que ya no son eficaces o debido a que el sistema inmunitario del paciente se ha deteriorado más.

Los pacientes con retinitis por CMV también tienen una posibilidad de padecer desprendimiento de retina, en el cual la retina se desprende de los nervios del ojo, causando ceguera. También se puede presentar infección sistémica por CMV.

Signos y exámenes:

La retinitis por CMV se diagnostica a través de un examen oftalmológico estándar. La dilatación de las pupilas y una oftalmoscopia mostrarán signos de este tipo de retinitis.

El diagnostico de la infección por CMV se puede hacer con exámenes de sangre u orina en los que se buscan sustancias específicas para la infección. Asimismo, una biopsia de tejido puede detectar la infección viral y la presencia de partículas virales de CMV, pero esto rara vez se hace.

  • Reviewed last on: 12/1/2009
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Drew WL. Cytomegalovirus. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 399.

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