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Enfermedad de Lyme crónica y persistente - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Enfermedad de Lyme terciaria; Enfermedad de Lyme en etapa 3; Enfermedad de Lyme persistente y tardía; Artritis de Lyme

Tratamiento:

Se administran antibióticos para combatir la infección. Algunas veces, es necesario administrar los medicamentos a través de una vena (por vía intravenosa).

La enfermedad de Lyme en etapa 3 se trata hasta por 28 días con antibióticos. Si los síntomas de artritis no desaparecen, algunas veces, se puede utilizar un segundo ciclo de antibióticos de 2 - 4 semanas. La mayoría de las veces se emplean antibióticos por vía oral (doxiciclina, amoxicilina o cefuroxima).

Se puede utilizar un ciclo de ceftriaxona intravenosa de 2 - 4 semanas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Lyme severa que afecta el sistema nervioso.

Generalmente se piensa que tratar a los pacientes por períodos de tiempo prolongados no sirve, incluso si los síntomas no desaparecen.

Pronóstico:

Es posible que los síntomas de artritis no mejoren con el tratamiento, pero otros síntomas deben mejorar con éste.

En muy pocas ocasiones, una persona continuará teniendo síntomas que algunas veces pueden interferir con la vida diaria o las actividades. Algunas personas llaman a esto síndrome posterior a la enfermedad de Lyme. No existe ningún tratamiento eficaz para personas con estos síntomas.

Posibles complicaciones:

  • Los síntomas de artritis pueden continuar
  • Problemas cardíacos (frecuencia cardíaca lenta y efectos en el sistema eléctrico del corazón)

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Consulte con el médico si presenta síntomas, particularmente si ha tenido la enfermedad de Lyme antes o si vive o viaja a áreas de alto riesgo.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/17/2009
  • Jatin M. Vyas, PhD, MD, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Bratton RL, Whiteside JW, Hoyan MJ, Engle RL, Edwards FD. Diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83:566-571.

Feder HM Jr, Johnson BJ, O'Connell S, Shapiro ED, Steere AC, Wormser GP. Ad Hoc International Lyme Disease Group. A critical appraisal of "chronic Lyme disease." N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1422-1430.

Halperin JJ, Shapiro ED, Logigian E, Belman AL, Dotevall L, Wormser GP, et al. Practice parameter: treatment of nervous system Lyme disease (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2007;69:91-102.

Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, Halperin JJ, Steere AC, Klempner MS, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1089-1134.

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