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Enfermedad de Lyme primaria - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Infección de Lyme temprana y localizada; Borreliosis de Lyme; Enfermedad de Lyme en etapa 1; Enfermedad de Lyme primaria

Síntomas:

La primera etapa de la enfermedad de Lyme se considera la etapa "primaria" o temprana.

No todas las personas infectadas con la bacteria de la enfermedad de Lyme se enferman. Entre las que personas que en verdad resultan enfermas, los primeros síntomas se parecen a los de la gripe y abarcan:

Se puede presentar una "lesión en escarapela", una mancha roja y plana o ligeramente elevada en el sitio de la picadura a menudo con un área clara en el centro. Esta lesión puede tener más de 1 a 3 pulgadas (2 a 7 cm) de ancho.

Pruebas y exámenes:

Se puede hacer un examen de sangre para verificar la presencia de anticuerpos contra la bacteria que causa la enfermedad de Lyme. El que se emplea con mayor frecuencia es el ELISA para la enfermedad de Lyme, cuyos resultados se confirman mediante una inmunotransferencia (Western blot ).

Los exámenes generalmente no son positivos en las primeras semanas después de la picadura de la garrapata, por lo cual a menudo no son precisos al comienzo de la enfermedad. El tratamiento inicial con antibióticos puede evitar que este examen sea alguna vez positivo.

Con una biopsia de piel se puede algunas veces identificar la bacteria de la enfermedad de Lyme.

  • Reviewed last on: 3/17/2009
  • Jantin M. Vyas, PhD, MD, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Bratton RL, Whiteside JW, Hovan MJ, Engle RL, Edwards FD. Diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83:566-571.

Clark RP, Hu LT. Prevention of Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2008;22:381-396.

Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, Halperin JJ, Steere AC, Klempner MS, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1089-1134.

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