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Endocarditis infecciosa - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Endocarditis de tipo infecciosa

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de endocarditis pueden desarrollarse lentamente (subagudos) o de repente (agudo). La fiebre es el síntoma clásico y puede persistir durante días antes de aparezca cualquier otro síntoma.

Otros síntomas pueden abarcar:

  • Color anormal de la orina
  • Sangre en la orina
  • Escalofríos
  • Sudoración excesiva
  • Fatiga
  • Dolor en las articulaciones
  • Dolores y achaques musculares
  • Anomalías en la uñas (hemorragias en astillas bajo las uñas)
  • Sudores fríos (pueden ser severos)
  • Palidez
  • Manchas rojas en la piel de las palmas de las manos y plantas de los pies, llamadas lesiones de Janeway
  • Nódulos rojos y dolorosos en las yemas de los dedos de las manos y de los pies llamados nódulos de Osler
  • Dificultad para respirar durante actividad
  • Inflamación de los pies, piernas y abdomen
  • Debilidad
  • Pérdida de peso

Signos y exámenes:

El médico puede escuchar ruidos anormales, llamados soplos, al auscultar el corazón con un estetoscopio.

El examen físico también puede revelar:

  • Esplenomegalia
  • Hemorragias lineales subungueales en las uñas de las manos

Los antecedentes de una cardiopatía congénita aumentan el nivel de sospecha. Un examen oftalmológico puede mostrar sangrado en la retina con un área central clara. Esto se conoce como manchas de Roth.

Se pueden llevar a cabo los siguientes exámenes:

  • Reviewed last on: 5/7/2010
  • Daniel Levy, MD, Infectious Disease, Maryland Family Care, Lutherville, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Fowler VG Jr, Scheld WM, Bayer AS. Endocarditis and Intravascular Infections. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009; chapt 77.

Karchmer AW. Infective Endocarditis. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap 63.

Wilson W, Taubert KA, Gewitz M, et al. Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: a guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation. 2007 Oct 9;116(15):1736-54.

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