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Ciática - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Neuropatía del nervio ciático; Disfunción del nervio ciático

Definición:

Se refiere a dolor, debilidad, entumecimiento u hormigueo en la pierna y es causada por lesión o presión sobre el nervio ciático. La ciática es un síntoma de otro problema médico, no una enfermedad por sí sola.

Causas:

La ciática ocurre cuando hay presión o daño al nervio ciático. Este nervio comienza en la región lumbar y baja por la parte posterior de cada pierna. Este nervio controla los músculos de la parte posterior de la rodilla y región inferior de la pierna e igualmente proporciona sensibilidad a la parte posterior del muslo, parte de la región inferior de la pierna y a la planta del pie.

Las causas comunes de ciática abarcan:

Hernia de disco
Síndrome piriforme (un dolor que compromete el estrecho músculo en los glúteos)
Lesión o fractura de la pelvis
Tumores

Nervio ciático

Cola de caballo

Daño al nervio ciático

Reviewed last on: 6/4/2011
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and C. Benjamin Ma, MD, Assistant Professor, Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, UCSF Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Chou R, Qaseem A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(7):478-491.

Chou R, Atlas SJ, Stanos SP, Rosenquist RW. Nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society clinical practice guideline. Spine. 2009;34(10):1078-93.

Jegede KA, Ndu A, Grauer JN. Contemporary management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniations. Orthop Clin North Am. 2010 Apr;41(2):217-24.

Alta tras cirugía de la columna vertebral

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