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Enfermedad de Meniere - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Hidropesía endolinfática; Hidropesía

Definición:

Es un trastorno del oído interno que afecta el equilibrio y la audición.

Ver también: vértigo

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El oído interno tiene tubos llenos de líquido llamados canales semicirculares o laberintos. Los canales, junto con un nervio en el cráneo, ayudan a interpretar la posición del cuerpo y mantener el equilibrio.

La enfermedad de Meniere ocurre cuando una parte del canal, llamada saco endolinfático, se inflama. Este saco ayuda a filtrar y eliminar líquido en los canales semicirculares.

Se desconoce la causa exacta de la enfermedad de Meniere, aunque en algunos casos puede estar relacionada con:

Otros factores de riesgo son:

  • Alergias
  • Consumo de alcohol
  • Fatiga
  • Enfermedad viral reciente
  • Infección respiratoria
  • Tabaquismo
  • Estrés
  • Uso de ciertos medicamentos, incluyendo ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirin)

La genética también puede jugar un papel.

Entre 50,000 y 100,000 personas al año presentan la enfermedad de Meniere.

  • Reviewed last on: 8/3/2010
  • Seth Schwartz, MD, MPH, Otolaryngologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Crane BT, Schessel DA, Nedzelski J, Minor LB. Peripheral vestibular disorders. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2010:chap 165.

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