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Miastenia grave - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Trastorno neuromuscular: miastenia grave

Definición:

Es un trastorno neuromuscular. Los trastornos neuromusculares comprometen los músculos y los nervios que los controlan.

Causas:

La miastenia grave es un tipo de trastorno autoinmunitario. Un trastorno autoinmunitario ocurre cuando el sistema inmunológico ataca por error al tejido sano. En las personas con miastenia grave, el cuerpo produce anticuerpos que bloquean las células musculares para que no reciban mensajes (neurotransmisores) desde la neurona.

Se desconoce la causa de la miastenia grave. En algunos casos, puede estar asociada con tumores del timo (un órgano del sistema inmunitario).

La miastenia grave puede afectar a personas de cualquier edad y es más común en mujeres jóvenes y hombres de edad avanzada.

Músculos superficiales anteriores

Descenso del párpado por ptosis

Reviewed last on: 6/18/2011
Kevin Sheth, MD, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Benatar M, Kaminski HJ. Evidence report: the medical treatment of ocular myasthenia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2007;68(24):2144-9.

Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Disorders of neuromuscular transmission. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 2007: chap 448.

Zinman L, Ng E, Bril V. IV immunoglobulin in patients with myasthenia gravis: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology. 2007;68(11):837-41.

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