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Degeneración combinada subaguda - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Degeneración subaguda combinada de la médula espinal; SCD

Definición:

Es un trastorno de la columna, el cerebro y los nervios que involucra debilidad, sensaciones anormales, problemas mentales y dificultades en la visión.

Causas:

La degeneración combinada subaguda de la médula espinal es causada por una deficiencia de vitamina B12. (Para encontrar información específica sobre la deficiencia de esta vitamina, ver el artículo acerca de anemia perniciosa).

La degeneración combinada subaguda afecta principalmente a la médula espinal, pero sus efectos sobre el cerebro y los nervios periféricos (corporales) son la razón para el término "combinada". Inicialmente, la enfermedad causa daño a la cubierta de los nervios (vaina de mielina) y posteriormente afecta a toda la neurona.

No está clara la forma como la falta de la vitamina B12 daña los nervios. Sin embargo, los expertos creen que la falta de esta vitamina provoca la formación de ácidos grasos anormales alrededor de las células y los nervios.

Usted tiene un riesgo mayor de padecer esta afección si no puede absorber la vitamina B12 de los intestinos o si tiene:

  • Anemia perniciosa.
  • Trastornos del intestino delgado, como enfermedad de Crohn.
  • Afecciones de malabsorción, que pueden presentarse después de una cirugía gastrointestinal.
  • Reviewed last on: 4/30/2011
  • Kevin Sheth, MD, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine;David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

So YT, Simon RP. Deficiency diseases of the nervous system. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Bradley: Neurology in Clinical Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth-Heinemann Elsevier; 2008:chap 61.

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