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Delirio - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Síndrome cerebral agudo; Estado de confusión aguda

Síntomas:

El delirio implica un cambio rápido entre estados mentales (por ejemplo, de letargo a agitación y luego otra vez a letargo).

Los síntomas abarcan:

  • Cambios en la lucidez mental (más alerta en la mañana, menos alerta en la noche)
  • Cambios en la sensibilidad (sensación) y la percepción
  • Cambios en el nivel de conciencia o conocimiento
  • Cambios en el movimiento (por ejemplo, puede ser de movimiento o hiperactivo)
  • Cambios en los patrones del sueño, somnolencia
  • Confusión (desorientación) en cuanto a tiempo o lugar
  • Disminución en la memoria y recuerdos a corto plazo
    • incapacidad de recordar hechos después de iniciado el delirio (amnesia anterógrada)
    • incapacidad de recordar hechos pasados (amnesia retrógrada)
  • Atención interrumpida o dispersa
    • incapacidad para pensar o comportarse con propósito
    • problemas para concentrarse
  • Pensamiento desorganizado:
    • discurso que no tiene sentido (incoherente)
    • incapacidad para suspender patrones de lenguaje o comportamiento
  • Cambios emocionales o de personalidad
  • Incontinencia
  • Movimientos desencadenados por cambios en el sistema nervioso (inquietud psicomotora)

Signos y exámenes:

Los siguientes exámenes pueden arrojar resultados anormales:

  • Un examen del sistema nervioso (evaluación neurológica), incluyendo pruebas de la sensibilidad (sensaciones), pensamiento (función cognitiva) y función motora
  • Estudios neuropsicológicos

También se pueden llevar a cabo los siguientes exámenes o pruebas:

  • Reviewed last on: 2/6/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Luc Jasmin, MD, PhD, Department of Neurolosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, and Department of Anatomy at UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Inouye Sk. Delirium and other mental status problems in the older patient. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 26.

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