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Neuralgia del trigémino - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Tic doloroso

Definición:

Es un trastorno nervioso que causa un dolor punzante o de tipo electrochoque en partes de la cara.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El dolor de la neuralgia del trigémino proviene del nervio trigémino. Este nervio lleva las sensaciones de dolor, sensibilidad y otras sensaciones desde el cerebro hasta la piel de la cara. Puede afectar parte o toda la cara, y la superficie del ojo.

La enfermedad generalmente afecta a los adultos mayores, pero puede afectar a cualquier persona a cualquier edad. La neuralgia del trigémino puede ser parte del proceso normal de envejecimiento.

La neuralgia del trigémino puede ser causada por:

Esclerosis múltiple
Presión sobre el nervio trigémino a causa de un tumor o un vaso sanguíneo hinchado

Con frecuencia, no se encuentra ninguna causa específica.

Es más probable que los médicos encuentren una causa si el paciente es menor de 40 años.

Sistema nervioso central

Reviewed last on: 6/16/2010
David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Daniel B. Hoch, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Cutrer FM, Moskowitz MA. Headaches and other head pain. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 421.

Goetz CG, ed. Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2007.

Gronseth G, Cruccu G, Alksne J, Argoff C, Brainin M, Burchiel K, et al. Practice parameter: the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the European Federation of Neurological Societies. Neurology. 2008;71:1183-1190.

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