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Tortícolis - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Loxia; Cuello torcido

Definición:

Es un torcimiento del cuello, en el cual la cabeza apunta hacia un lado, mientras la barbilla o mentón está volteada hacia el otro.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La tortícolis puede ser:

Hereditaria: debido a cambios específicos en sus genes
Adquirida: se desarrolla como resultado de daño al sistema nervioso o los músculos

Si la afección ocurre sin una causa conocida, se denomina tortícolis idiopática.

La tortícolis puede desarrollarse en la niñez o en la adultez. La tortícolis congénita (presente al nacer) puede ocurrir si la cabeza del feto está en posición incorrecta mientras está creciendo en el útero o si hay una lesión a los músculos o al riego sanguíneo al cuello del feto.

Tortícolis

Reviewed last on: 6/1/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Daniel B. Hoch, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Spiegel DA, Hosalkar HS, Dormans JP, Drommond DS. The neck. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap. 679.

Persing J. Prevention and management of positional skull deformities in infants. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Plastic Surgery and Section on Neurological Surgery. Pediatrics. 2003;112:199-202.

Patel M, Shah K. Orthopedics. In: Rakel RE, ed. Textbook of Family Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 42.

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