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Parálisis supranuclear progresiva - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Demencia con distonía de la nuca; Síndrome de Richardson-Steele-Olszewski; Parálisis progresiva supranuclear

Definición:

Es un trastorno del movimiento que ocurre por daño a ciertas neuronas en el cerebro.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La parálisis supranuclear progresiva es una afección que ocasiona síntomas similares al mal de Parkinson.

Esta enfermedad implica daño a múltiples células del cerebro. Muchas áreas resultan afectadas, incluyendo la parte del tronco del encéfalo donde están localizadas las células que controlan el movimiento de los ojos. Igualmente resulta afectada un área del cerebro que controla la estabilidad al caminar. Los lóbulos frontales del cerebro también resultan afectados, lo que lleva a que se presenten cambios de personalidad.

Se desconoce la causa del daño a las células cerebrales. La enfermedad empeora con el tiempo.

Las personas con esta afección tienen depósitos en los tejidos cerebrales que se parecen a los depósitos encontrados en pacientes con mal de Alzheimer. Hay una pérdida tisular en la mayoría de las áreas del cerebro y en algunas partes de la médula espinal.

El trastorno se observa con más frecuencia en personas mayores de 60 años y es un tanto más común en los hombres.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/5/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Goetz CG. Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2007.

Lang A. Parkinsonism. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 433.

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