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Intoxicación por etilenglicol - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Envenenamiento con etilenglicol; Intoxicación con etilenglicol

Síntomas:

El primer síntoma de la ingestión de etilenglicol es similar a la sensación causada por el consumo de alcohol (etanol). A las pocas horas, aparecen más efectos tóxicos. Los síntomas pueden comprender náuseas, vómitos, convulsiones, estupor e incluso coma.

Una sobredosis de etilenglicol puede causar daño al cerebro, los pulmones, el hígado y los riñones. La intoxicación causa alteraciones en la química corporal, incluyendo acidosis metabólica. Estas alteraciones pueden ser tan graves que causen un shock profundo, insuficiencia del órgano y la muerte.

Tan solo 120 milímetros (aproximadamente 4 onzas de líquido) de etilenglicol pueden ser suficientes para matar a un hombre de contextura normal.

Signos y exámenes:

La intoxicación con etilenglicol se debe sospechar en cualquier persona que resulte gravemente enferma después de beber una sustancia desconocida, en especial si inicialmente la persona parece estar embriagada sin que se presente el olor característico del alcohol en su aliento.

El diagnóstico de este problema usualmente se hace a través de una combinación de exámenes de sangre, orina y otros como:

Los exámenes mostrarán niveles elevados de etilenglicol, alteraciones químicas en la sangre y posibles signos de insuficiencia renal y daño hepático o muscular.

  • Reviewed last on: 2/2/2011
  • Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Ford MD, Clinical Toxicology. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2001.

Marx J. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2006.

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