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Neuroma acústico - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Tumor del ángulo; Tumor del ángulo pontocerebeloso; Tumor acústico; Schwannoma vestibular

Síntomas:

Los síntomas varían con base en el tamaño y localización del tumor. Debido a que los tumores crecen muy lentamente, los síntomas por lo general empiezan después de los 30 años.

Los síntomas comunes comprenden:

  • Sensación anormal de movimiento (vértigo)
  • Hipoacusia en el oído afectado que hace difícil escuchar conversaciones
  • Zumbido (tinnitus) en el oído afectado

Los síntomas menos comunes comprenden:

  • Dificultad para entender el habla
  • Mareo
  • Dolor de cabeza
    • al despertarse en la mañana
    • que lo despierta a uno
    • empeora al acostarse
    • empeora al pararse
    • empeora al toser, estornudar, estirarse o levantar algo (maniobra de Valsalva)
    • con náuseas o vómitos
  • Pérdida del equilibrio
  • Entumecimiento en la cara o en un oído
  • Dolor facial o en un oído
  • Somnolencia
  • Anomalías visuales
  • Debilidad de la cara

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico puede diagnosticar un neuroma acústico basado en la historia clínica, en una evaluación del sistema nervioso o en exámenes.

Con frecuencia, el examen físico es normal al momento en que se diagnostica el tumor. Ocasionalmente, pueden estar presentes los siguientes signos:

La resonancia magnética de la cabeza es el examen más útil para identificar un neuroma acústico. Otros exámenes útiles para diagnosticar el tumor y para diferenciarlo de otras causas de mareo o vértigo abarcan:

  • Reviewed last on: 5/31/2011
  • Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Seth Schwartz, MD, MPH, Otolaryngologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Brackmann DE, Arriaga MA. Neoplasms of the posterior fossa. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier;2010:chap 177.

Battista RA. Gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2009;42:635-654.

Sweeney P, Yajnik S, Hartsell W, Bovis G, Venkatesan J. Stereotactic radiotherapy for vestibular schwannoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2009;42:655-663.

Conley GS, Hirsch BE. Stereotactic radiation treatment of vestibular schwannoma: indications, limitations, and outcomes. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Oct;18(5):351-6.

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