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Cefalea en brotes - Overview

Nombres alternativos

Cefalea histamínica; Neuralgia migrañosa; Dolor de cabeza histamínico; Cefalea en racimo

Definición:

Es un dolor que afecta un lado de la cabeza y puede involucrar lagrimeo de los ojos y congestión nasal. Los ataques ocurren regularmente durante una semana hasta un año, separados por períodos prolongados sin dolor, que duran al menos 1 mes y posiblemente más tiempo.

Ver también:

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Las cefaleas en brotes son una forma bastante común de dolores de cabeza repetitivos y crónicos y son más frecuentes en los hombres que en las mujeres. Estas cefaleas pueden presentarse a cualquier edad, pero son más comunes en la adolescencia y la mediana edad, y tienden a ser hereditarias.

Los científicos no saben exactamente qué causa las cefaleas en brotes, pero parecen estar relacionadas con una liberación súbita de histamina o de serotonina del cuerpo.

Los siguientes factores pueden desencadenar los ataques de cefaleas en brotes:

  • Consumo de alcohol y de cigarrillo
  • Grandes alturas (senderismo, viajes aéreos)
  • Luz brillante (incluyendo la luz solar)
  • Esfuerzo
  • Calor (clima cálido, baños calientes)
  • Alimentos ricos en nitritos (como el tocino y las carnes en conserva)
  • Ciertos medicamentos
  • Cocaína
  • Reviewed last on: 11/22/2010
  • Kevin Sheth, MD, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Silberstein SD, Young WB. Headache and facial pain. In: Goetz CG. Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:chap 53.

Bartsch T, Paemeleire K, Goadsby PJ. Neurostimulation approaches to primary headache disorders. Curr Opin Neurol. 2009;22(3):262-268.

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