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Esclerosis tuberosa - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Adenoma sebáceo

Síntomas:

Los síntomas cutáneos abarcan:

  • Áreas de piel que son blancas (debido al aumento del pigmento) y que tienen aspecto ya sea de hoja de fresno o confetti
  • Parches rojos en la cara que contienen muchos vasos sanguíneos (adenoma sebáceo)
  • Parches de piel elevados con una textura de cáscara de naranja (manchas con textura de papel de lija), con frecuencia en la espalda

Los síntomas cerebrales abarcan:

Otros síntomas:

  • Cavidades en el esmalte dental
  • Masas ásperas debajo o alrededor de las uñas de las manos y de los pies
  • Tumores no cancerosos semejantes al caucho en la lengua o a su alrededor

Los síntomas de la esclerosis tuberosa varían de una persona a otra. Algunas personas tienen inteligencia normal y no presentan convulsiones ni crisis epilépticas; mientras que otras tienen discapacidades intelectuales o crisis epilépticas difíciles de controlar.

Signos y exámenes:

Los signos pueden abarcar:

  • Ritmo cardíaco anormal (arritmia)
  • Depósitos de calcio en el cerebro
  • "Tuberosidades" benignas en el cerebro
  • Neoplasias semejantes al caucho en la lengua o las encías
  • Neoplasia similar a tumor (hamartoma) en la retina, parches pálidos en el ojo
  • Tumores del cerebro o los riñones

Los exámenes pueden abarcar:

Hay disponibilidad de pruebas de ADN para cualquiera de los dos genes (TSC1 o TSC2) que pueden causar esta enfermedad.

Los chequeos regulares de los riñones con ecografías son una herramienta de detección importante para constatar que no haya ningún crecimiento de un tumor.

  • Reviewed last on: 9/10/2010
  • Chad Haldeman-Englert, MD, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Haslam RHA. Neurocutaneous syndromes. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 596.

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