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Aumento de la presión intracraneal - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

PIC; Incremento de la presión intracraneal; Hipertensión intracraneal; Aumento agudo de la presión intracraneal; Aumento súbito de la presión intracraneal

Tratamiento:

El aumento súbito de la presión intracraneal es una situación de emergencia. La persona recibirá tratamiento en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital. El equipo médico medirá y vigilará los signos vitales y neurológicos del paciente, incluyendo temperatura, pulso, frecuencia respiratoria y presión arterial.

El tratamiento puede abarcar:

  • Soporte respiratorio
  • Drenado del líquido cefalorraquídeo para bajar la presión en el cerebro
  • Medicamentos para disminuir la hinchazón
  • En raras ocasiones, extirpación de parte del cráneo

Si la elevación de la presión intracraneal ha sido causada por un tumor, una hemorragia u otro problema subyacente, entonces se debe tratar dicha causa en forma apropiada.

Para obtener información respecto al tratamiento para ciertas causas del aumento de la presión intracraneal, ver los artículos:

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La elevación súbita de la presión intracraneal es una afección grave y a menudo mortal. Si la causa subyacente de esta afección se puede tratar, entonces el pronóstico generalmente es mejor.

Si el aumento de la presión comprime vasos sanguíneos y estructuras cerebrales importantes, esto puede llevar a que se presenten problemas permanentes o incluso la muerte.

Posibles complicaciones:

  • Muerte
  • Problemas neurológicos permanentes
  • Problemas neurológicos reversibles
  • Convulsiones
  • Accidente cerebrovascular

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Un médico generalmente hará este diagnóstico en una sala de urgencias o en un hospital.

  • Reviewed last on: 6/18/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Kevin Sheth, MD, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Ling GSF. Traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 422.

Rosenberg GA. Brain edema and disorders of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Bradley: Neurology in Clinical Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth-Heinemann Elsevier; 2008:chap 63.

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