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Neurofibromatosis 2 - All Information

Nombres alternativos

Neurofibromatosis acústica bilateral; NF acústica bilateral central; NF2

Definición:

Es un trastorno genético en el cual se forman tumores en los nervios del cerebro y de la columna vertebral (el sistema nervioso central).

Ver también: neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)

Causas:

La neurofibromatosis 2 se transmite de padres a hijos de forma autosómica dominante, lo cual significa que si uno de los padres padece la enfermedad, cualquiera de sus hijos tiene un 50 por ciento de probabilidades de tenerla.

El principal factor de riesgo es tener antecedentes familiares de la afección.

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de la NF2 abarcan:

  • Problemas de equilibrio
  • Cataratas a temprana edad
  • Cambios en la visión
  • Marcas color café en la piel
  • Debilidad facial
  • Dolores de cabeza
  • Hipoacusia
  • Ruidos y zumbidos en el oído

Pruebas y exámenes:

Los signos abarcan:

  • Tumores en el cerebro y en la columna
  • Tumores relacionados con la audición (acústicos)
  • Tumores cutáneos

Los exámenes incluyen:

Tratamiento:

Los neuromas acústicos se pueden observar o tratar con cirugía o radioterapia.

Los pacientes se pueden beneficiar de la asesoría genética.

Todos los años, los pacientes con NF2 deben ser evaluados con:

  • Resonancia magnética del cerebro y la médula espinal
  • Evaluación del habla y la audición
  • Examen oftalmológico

Grupos de apoyo:

Para buscar información y apoyo, se puede visitar la página: www.nf.org.

  • Reviewed last on: 10/14/2009
  • Luc Jasmin, MD, PhD, Departments of Anatomy and Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Ferner RE. Neurofibromatosis 1 and neurofibromatosis 2: a twenty first century perspective. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:340-351.

Haslam RHA. Neurocutaneous syndromes. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 596.

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