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Apnea obstructiva del sueño - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño; Apnea del sueño obstructiva; Respiración desordenada durante el sueño; AOS

Síntomas:

Una persona que padece de apnea obstructiva del sueño a menudo no es consciente de los episodios durante la noche. Con frecuencia, los miembros de la familia son testigos de los períodos de apnea.

Una persona con apnea obstructiva del sueño generalmente comienza a roncar muy fuerte poco después de quedarse dormida. A menudo, el ronquido se vuelve más fuerte y luego es interrumpido por un largo período de silencio durante el cual no hay respiración. Esto va seguido por un fuerte resoplido y jadeo, a medida que la persona trata de respirar. Este patrón se repite.

Muchas personas se despiertan cansadas en la mañana y se sienten soñolientas y adormecidas a lo largo del día. Esto se denomina somnolencia diurna excesiva (SDE).

Las personas con apnea del sueño pueden:

  • Actuar malhumoradas, impacientes o irritables
  • Ser olvidadizas
  • Quedarse dormidas mientras trabajan, leen o ven televisión
  • Sentirse soñolientas mientras conducen o incluso quedarse dormidas al conducir
  • Tener dolores de cabeza difíciles de tratar

Problemas que pueden ocurrir con esta afección:

  • Depresión que empeora
  • Comportamiento hiperactivo, especialmente en niños
  • Hinchazón de las piernas (si es grave)

Pruebas y exámenes:

El médico realizará una historia clínica y un examen físico completos, lo cual implicará una revisión cuidadosa de la boca, el cuello y la garganta. A usted le pueden dar una encuesta con una serie de preguntas acerca de la somnolencia diurna, la calidad del sueño y los hábitos a la hora de acostarse.

Se utiliza un estudio del sueño (polisomnografía) para confirmar la apnea obstructiva del sueño.

Otros exámenes que se pueden llevar a cabo abarcan:

  • Reviewed last on: 7/31/2011
  • Denis Hadjiliadis, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Kasai T, Bradley TD. Obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:119-127.

McArdle N, Singh B, Murphy M, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure titration for obstructive sleep apnoea: automatic versus manual titration. Thorax. 2010;65:606-611.

Tomfohr LM, Ancoli-Israel S, Loredo JS, Dimsdale JE. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on fatigue and sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: data from a randomized controlled trila. Sleep. 2011;34:121-126.

Epstein LJ, Kristo D, Strollo PJ Jr., et al. Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management, and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5:263-276.

Patil SP, Schneider H, Schwartz AR, Smith PL. Adult obstructive sleep apnea: pathophysiology and diagnosis. Chest. 2007;132(1):325-337.

Aurora RN, Casey KR, Kristo D, et al. Practice parameters for the surgical modifications of the upper airway for obstructive sleep apnea in adults. Sleep. 2010;33:1408-1413.

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