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Piojos de la cabeza - Symptom

Nombres alternativos

Pediculosis capitis (piojos de la cabeza); Liendres; Pediculosis

Síntomas:

Los síntomas de los piojos de la cabeza abarcan:

  • Prurito intenso en el cuero cabelludo.
  • Protuberancias pequeñas y rojas en el cuero cabelludo, el cuello y los hombros (las protuberancias pueden producir costra y supurar).
  • Pequeñas motitas blancas (huevos o liendres) cerca de la raíz de cada cabello que son difíciles de sacar.

Los piojos sobre el cuero cabelludo y la ropa pueden ser difíciles de ver, a menos que haya muchos de ellos.

Pruebas y exámenes:

Los piojos de la cabeza pueden ser difíciles de ver. Es necesario observar con detenimiento. Utilice guantes desechables y examine la cabeza de la persona bajo una luz brillante. La luz del sol o las luces más brillantes de la casa durante las horas del día funcionan bien para este propósito. El uso de una lupa también puede ayudar.

Aparte el cabello hacia abajo hasta el cuero cabelludo en secciones muy pequeñas, buscando tanto los piojos que se mueven como los huevos (liendres). Revise toda la cabeza de esta manera, observando con detenimiento alrededor de la parte superior del cuello y en las orejas, que son los lugares más comunes para encontrar los huevos.

El tratamiento se recomienda incluso si sólo se encuentra una liendre.

  • Reviewed last on: 1/24/2011
  • Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Morelli JG. Arthropod bites and infestations. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 667.

Schlossberg D. Arthropods and leeches. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 380.

Diaz JH. Lice (pediculosis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 293.

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