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Urticaria - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Ronchas

Tratamiento:

Si la urticaria es leve, es posible que no se requiera tratamiento y ésta puede desaparecer espontáneamente. Para reducir el prurito y la inflamación:

  • Evite los baños o duchas calientes.
  • Evite la irritación del área con ropas ajustadas.
  • Tome antihistamínicos. La difenhidramina se considera el más efectivo, pero hace que algunas personas se cansen. Otras opciones abarcan loratodina o ceterizina.

Si la reacción es grave, especialmente si la inflamación compromete la garganta, es posible que se requiera una inyección urgente de epinefrina (adrenalina) o esteroides. La urticaria en la garganta puede obstruir las vías respiratorias, dificultando la respiración.

Pronóstico:

La urticaria puede ser molesta, pero en general es inofensiva y desaparece por sí sola. En la mayoría de los casos, no es posible identificar la causa exacta de esta enfermedad.

Posibles complicaciones:

  • Anafilaxia (una reacción alérgica generalizada y potencialmente mortal que causa dificultad respiratoria)
  • La inflamación en la garganta puede llevar a obstrucción de las vías respiratorias potencialmente mortal

Cuándo contactar a un profesional médico:

Llame al número local de emergencias (911 en los Estados Unidos) si presenta:

  • Desmayo
  • Dificultad respiratoria
  • Estrechez de la garganta
  • Inflamación de la lengua o la cara
  • Sibilancias

Consulte con el médico si la urticaria es severa, molesta y no responde a los cuidados personales.

  • Reviewed last on: 5/13/2011
  • Kevin Berman, MD, PhD, Associate, Atlanta Center for Dermatologic Disease, Atlanta, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009.

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