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Angioedema - Treatment

Nombres alternativos

Edema angioneurótico; Ronchas o habones

Tratamiento:

Es posible que los síntomas leves no necesiten tratamiento, mientras que los síntomas moderados a graves sí lo pueden requerir. La dificultad respiratoria es una situación de emergencia.

La aplicación de compresas frías o húmedas en el área puede brindar alivio al dolor.

Los medicamentos empleados para tratar el angioedema abarcan:

  • Antihistamínicos
  • Medicamentos antinflamatorios (corticosteroides)
  • Epinefrina
  • Ranitidina (Zantac)
  • Terbutalina (un broncodilatador)

Si la persona tiene dificultad para respirar, debe buscar asistencia médica de inmediato.

Ver: primeros auxilios en caso de dificultad respiratoria.

En el hospital, se puede colocar una sonda en la garganta para mantener las vías respiratorias abiertas.

Expectativas (pronóstico):

El angioedema que no afecta la respiración puede ser incómodo, pero suele ser inofensivo y desaparece en unos pocos días.

Complicaciones:

  • Reacción anafiláctica
  • Obstrucción de las vías respiratorias potencialmente mortal (si la inflamación ocurre en la garganta)

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

Consulte con el médico si:

  • El angioedema no responde al tratamiento
  • Es grave
  • Nunca ha tenido un angioedema antes

Asimismo, acuda a la sala de urgencias o llame al número local de emergencias (el 911 en los Estados Unidos) si presenta:

  • Ruidos respiratorios anormales (estridor)
  • Dificultad respiratoria
  • Desmayo
  • Sibilancias
  • Reviewed last on: 5/16/2010
  • David C. Dugdale, III., MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Stuart I. Henochowicz, MD, FACP, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Georgetown University Medical School. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

Referencias

Dreskin SC. Urticaria and angioedema. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 273.

Temiño VM, Peebles RS Jr. The spectrum and treatment of angioedema. Am J Med. 2008;121:282-286.

Wasserman SI. Approach to the person with allergic or immunologic disease. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 270.

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